The Andalusian
In the last few decades the
two countries (Spain and Portugal) which are the
cradle of the Andalusian horse have chosen to
separate their stock into two breeds. Though
their foundations are completely linked, the
Andalusians of Spain are now registered as Pura
Raza Espanola (Pure Breed Spanish) and those of
Portugal are now known as Lusitanos.
Outside of Spain and Portugal we still recognize
the old breed of Andalusian as being from either
Spain or Portugal or both! We do however
recognize the PRE (Pura Raza Espanola) and the
Lusitano as sister breeds and continue to accept
them into our registry.
It was only in recent history
that a distinction has been made between the
horses born in Spain and those born in Portugal.
In 1912 the breeders of Spain chose to call the
Andalusians (as they were know to most at that
time) which would be entered into their new stud
book, Pura Raza Espanola (Pure Bred Spanish).
This was done mainly to appease the breeders
from Spanish provinces outside of Andalusia who
felt there was an unfair advantage given by the
old name to breeders of that region. Breeders
however continued to use horses from both
countries. In the late 1960’s the Portuguese
breeders decided to create their own stud book.
Being on no good terms with the country of Spain
at that time, they named the horses they choose
to put into their registry, Lusitanos, after the
Roman name for the region that is now Portugal,
which was as important a center of horse
breeding as Andalucia had been. Many of the
horses which they registered were also
registered in the Spanish stud book. Only since
these recent events has the Andalusian horse
been divided into separate breeds by Spain and
Portugal. So new were these names and the
division of the breed that many breeders were
still calling their horses Andalusians well into
the last decade.
In the mean time, horses had
been exported from both Spain and Portugal to
North America as Andalusians. The first
registries in the USA and Mexico are as old or
older than the one in Portugal. Naturally we
registered their horses as Andalusians, not
caring if they originated in Spain or in
Portugal. We recognized that the Pura Raza
Espanola and the Lusitano were identical in
origin and history until recent times.
Though it is no longer
possible to register a Pura Raza Espanola in
Portugal as a Lusitano (as it was until only two
or three years ago) or a Lusitano in Spain as a
Pura Raza Espanola (as it would have been only a
few decades ago) the longer part of the history
of both breeds recognizes them as the same
horse. The IALHA chooses to therefore breed and
register ANDALUSIANS founded from the old breed
on horses imported from BOTH Spain and Portugal.
IALHA,
LGANCCE, Foundation for the
Pure Spanish Horse (PRE
Mundial)
The Lusitano
The Lusitano Horse, is the name
of the modern breed created from the Andalusian
Horse in Portugal. Currently the breed is
administered worldwide by the Associacao
Portuguesa De Criadores Do Puro Sangue Lusitano
(APSL) in Portugal.
To be registered as a Lusitano
horse, both parents must be registered in the
Adult/Breeders Book of the APSL. The offspring
must be submitted for Inscription in the Book of
Births, microchipped and DNA typed. At the age
of at least 3, the Lusitano Horse must pass a
strict inspection to achieve Breeding Book
status. The Lusitano horse can be of any color.
Each country has its own
administering body. The IALHA is the official
association which administers the APSL Revision
process for the USA (and for now Canada.)
Ridden for over 5,000 years, the oldest
saddle horse in the world has reached the
threshold of the XXI Century re-conquering the
splendor it knew in Greek and Roman times when
it was considered the best saddlehorse in the
world.
A «hotblood» like the English
Thoroughbred and the Arab, the present day
Lusitano results from a selection of thousands
of years leading to an empathy with the rider
superior to any modern breed.
Selected as
a hunter and for combat throughout the
centuries, it is versatile, docile, agile and
courageous. Thus it can compete in the most up
to-date equestrian sport with the best
specialists of contemporary breeds.
Approaching towards the year 2000, the Lusitano
is once more sought as a saddlehorse for sport
and leisure, and as a stud horse for its rare
qualities of character and genetic: ancestry. As
only a small group of 2000 productive mares
exists, it is nowadays a very rare breed. In
Portugal, origin of the breed, there are only
about 1000 productive mares, 600 in Brazil, 200
in France and the rest. spread over Spain,
England, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Canada
and the USA.
Today, the numbers of the
Lusitano breed are growing, especially in Europe
and Brazil where great progress has been made.
In Portugal, the quality of the production
has improved a lot, and everything points to the
establishment of new lines within the breed, so
contributing to the assurance of its vitality.
In the XXI Century the Lusitano it will
continue to be the best horse for equestrian art
and for bullfighting and besides being a horse
that gives the greatest pleasure to ride, it
will continue to amaze us by its natural
aptitude for jumping, and for Dressage and
Competition Driving.
Officialy
institutionalizing, the Stud-Book undoubtedly
marked a decisive step ahead. This gave rise to
a far reaching and careful selection process
which made it possible to gain a deeper
knowledge of genealogies and to perpetuate and
take advantage of the bloodlines created by
insisting on certain stallions (line breeding).
Indeed, for effective and relatively swih
zootechnical progress to be made, breeding must
be carried out on the basis of selection and
consanguinity. The latter- is early advantageous
to the breeder, especially as far as the purity
and uniformity of the breed are concerned, and
the consequent superiority of' the stallions
obtained.
Characteristics
Following characteristics belong to the
breed:
Noble, dry head, often with a convex
profile, with much variation between nearly
right and heavily convex
A long, curved neck, coming out of the
chest quite high
A strong, sloping shoulder, offering the
horse freedom of movements
Pronounced, broad withers
A strong, right back with a round change
to the lumbar back
Lumbar and hind part form one lightly
convex line, the croup shouldn't drop too
steeply
Long, straight, hard and dry legs, with
strong but not too heavy bones and hard,
quite steep hooves
A.P.S.L.
The Pure Spanish
Horse (Pura Raza Espanola)
Also see the
PRE page
The Pura Raza Espanola, or as
it is often called, the PRE horse, is the name
of the modern breed created from the Andalusian
Horse in Spain in 1912. Currently the breed is
administered worldwide by the ANCCE of
Spain (the stud book was formerly administered
by the Jefatura de Cria Caballar).
To be registered as a PRE
horse, both parents must be registered in the
Adult/Breeders book of the Cria. The offspring
must then be Inscribed by being inspected at its
mother's side, microchipped and DNA typed. At
the age of at least 3, the Spanish Horse must
pass a strict inspection to achieve breeding
book status. This process is called Revision.
The PRE can be only Bay, Grey or Black.
Each country has its own
administering body. The IALHA is a member of an
association of breed associations which
administer the Revision process for the USA (and
Canada.)
ANCCE
(Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Caballos de
Pura Raza Española) or Purebred Spanish Horse
Breeders' National Association was established
in 1972 to better defend breeders' interests.
For the past twenty-seven years, the activity
has continued to grow. Today, there are more
than 500 breeders in addition to sixteen
regional or provincial associations.
Promoting The Breed
ANCCE was founded in 1972
as a way of defending breeders' interests.
It has always been a national organization
and its main objectives are: (1) to promote
the image of the Pura Raza Española or
Purebred Spanish Horse; (2) to create
awareness of the Association and, (3) to
give out information about the conformation
contests that are held all over Spain.
ANCCE also performs another extremely
important task: managing the Stud Book. This
work is carried out in collaboration with
and under the supervision of the Ministry of
Agriculture, as the Ministry effectively
owns the Book.
At the date of
publication of this CD-Rom ANCCE members
number 536 individual breeders, 834
associate members all over the world and 16
provincial and regional associations.
Furthermore, ANCCE represents the
equestrian sector within COPA (the Committee
of Prodessional Agricultural Organizations)
which is based in Brussels, and the national
chapter of ASAJA (the Young Farmers'
Association). We also work closely with the
CEOE (Spanish Confederation of Business
Organizations).
Conformation
Competitions
In 1980, in pursuit of its
objectives, ANCCE began to organize the
Spanish Conformation Championship in
Seville's "Club Hípico Pineda" (Pineda Horse
Club). These championships continued to be
held until 1987 when they were suspended due
to the outbreak of African Horse Sickness in
Spain.
In 1990 something happened
that was to change the course of the history
of conformation competitions. It was decided
that, instead of holding the Conformation
Championship at the Pineda Club it would be
held at the Palacio de Congresos y
Exposiciones (Congress and Exhibition
Hall/Complex).
SICAB, the
International Horse Fair, was founded in
1991. It transformed the importance of
conformation championships and led to
massive levels of attendance by the public
coming to see the Pura Raza Española.
In just a few years the sheer number of
horses participating has made this fair one
of the most important in the world.
A.N.C.C.E.
The S/P purebred
Spanish/Portuguese horse
A purebred Andalusian that has
Pure Spanish and Portuguese bloodlines.
IALHA
Part-bred Horses
-
Azteca
-
Caballo de Raza Azteca
(Information was taken from the
A.M.C.C.R.A.
website and
translated by Alta Vista's translator.
Some errors in translation may have occurred
and the content was abbreviated.)
Mexico's National Horse -The
Aztec began from the idea to give back to
Mexico its horse, that the Spanish
Conquistadors left behind by improving the
Creole horses that did not fill the
expectations of the Mexican riders with
Quarter Horse and Andalusian blood. In the
decade of 60´s, Mexico began it's breeding
program to create it's own National Horse
the Azteca Horse. The horse must have the
following characteristics: Not as tall
as the Andalusian but not as short as the
Quarter Horse, to have very strong back
quarters, very agile like the QH and the
arrogance and elegance of the Andalusian,
abundant mane and tail but not exaggerated,
versatile: that he could be a working horse
but also possess the necessary airs for the
classic taming,
"la doma clásica", the charra
rider "la rienda charra", and the rejoneo
"paseo y rejoneo". Mexico and Spain
are two countries that traditional and
historically always been have bound so once
again they return to be united by means of
the project to create a Mexican equine race,
Don Aryan Antonio Cañadilla man of great
ideas, of enterprising character to the task
jointly with other criadores the QH and the
Andalusian races of making the first
crossovers. At the end of the Seventies
which was a mere project takes form and the
first stallion crossovers of of Iberian
peninsular races (Andalusian) with QH mares,
and selected Creole mares, several criadores
convinced of the project and the success
that in near future they would have with
this new race risk four or five generations
guided by a team of genetistas veterinary
doctors knowing very clearly the objective
of the race: VERSATILITY And ELEGANCE.
A.M.C.C.R.A.
Not to be confused with the
Mexican National Horse the "Azteca".
This breed
inherits beauty, temperament, pride, agility
and spirit from their Andalusian blood and
strength heart and speed from their APHA or
Quarter Horse Blood. The breed requires
there be no more then 3/4 of either breed in
the first generations. The American Azteca
should be a blood Balance between the
between breeds with qualities of both. The
average height is 14.2h to 16 hands. Both
Quarter Horse and Paint horses proving no
more the 1/4 TB can be used for breeding
American Aztecas. All AQHA and APHA marking
and colors are acceptable. Aztecas are
registered as A,B, C, or D depending on the
% of each breed and the generation
The
American Azteca Horse International Assoc.
The Hispano-Arabe is the
result of breeding a purebred, registered
Andalusian to a purebred, registered
Arabian. This Andalusian-Arabian cross
ideally produces an intelligent,
level-headed, bold-moving horse of superb
quality and presence.
The Hispano-Arabe usually
ranges between 15 and 16 hands in height.
The refinement of the Arabian head carries
through; the neck is long, muscular, and
well arched, a contribution from the
Andalusian. The shapely withers ensure good
saddle placement. The body is full and
strong with a large chest, deep and muscled
with great depth through the heart girth.
Also inherited from the Andalusian, the
Hispano-Arabe exhibits a solid foundation of
ample, extremely dense bone, and well shaped
hooves which are extremely strong.
The Hispano-Arabe Registry
The Half-Andalusian is a
wonderful way to get some of that special
Andalusian style, power, agility, roundness,
collection and presence in combination with
the best qualities of other breeds. It is
also a more affordable way to own a horse
with some of those special Andalusian
characteristics that made it the horse of
kings. Purebred Andalusians, being a very
old and pure breed, is genetically potent
and it stamps most offspring with many of
its characteristics.
A rare
and exclusive breed, the Spanish-Norman
blends the genes of the Andalusian of Spain
and the Percheron of France to re-create the
phenotype of the courageous horse that
thundered across the battlefields of Europe.
Endowed
with the unique combination of presence and
docility, the modern Spanish-Norman is 15.3
to 17 hands and is predominately gray with
some bays and blacks. Physical
characteristics of this athletic breed are
large expressive eyes; long graceful necks;
laid back shoulders that blend smoothly into
short backs; strong hindquarters; and sturdy
feet and legs. They are bred to move freely
from the shoulder with elastic, fluid
movement, featuring engagement and elevation
with extension.
Spanish-Norman Registry
Friesian/Andalusian cross
RELATED
INFORMATION
Doma
Vaquera -
Doma
Vaquera is one of the styles of equitation
in Spain, another being Doma Clasica
(classical equitation).
Doma
Vaquera is a style of horse riding which
enables the rider to carry out daily duties
on horseback on a working cattle ranch and
grew out of decades of daily work with
cattle in the open countryside.
The
style of riding, tack, dress and discipline
of the working horses evolved into what we
see today. It is still being used on working
ranches, in Doma Vaquera competition and
more recently, Doma de Trabajo (working
equitation).
visit
www.domavaquera.info for more info.
Garrocha - 13 foot 1 inch (4 meter) pole
or lance used by Vaquero riders to corral,
tip, bring down or subdue a bull.
has become a sport in which the
Garrochista (garrocha rider) displays his
skill with the lance perfected from movements required to manage and control the magnificent fighting
bulls. The rider displays his total control over his horse performing
pivots and incredibly delicate movements around the garrocha using cues to his
horse almost unseen. Some riders may even maneuver his horse without touching the reins at all.
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